Muslim education

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According to a survey done by the National Sample Survey Organisation, the attendance of Muslim children in schools has increased much more rapidly than those of other religious communities. In urban areas, the pace of increase in school attendance in the five-eleven years age group was practically the same for Muslim boys compared to other communities. It was almost double at 11pc for Muslim girls compared to Hindu girls. The gender gap is fast narrowing. But the pressure of finding work appears to be more on boys who have to drop out. Another trend visible in the age group of 15-19 years is that attendance of Muslim boys has increased at nearly twice the rate as that of Hindu boys, both in urban and rural areas. The education of Muslim girls in that age group has also outstripped that of Hindu girls. The number of Muslims receiving higher education has gone up in the 20-24 years age group. The number of Muslims in the age group in urban areas has, however, shown a decline. That is because for Muslims, higher education does not necessarily mean better jobs. It applies to both men and women. This fact is reflected in educated unemployed rates in rural and urban areas. It cannot be denied that there is discrimination on religious grounds.

Sample Surveys do not present the entire picture but they corroborate to a great extent the findings of the Sacchar Committee. If it is true that Muslim youth are at a disadvantage in the job market, that is regrettable.It is especially so because Muslims are getting increasingly interested in school education, which should help remove the social backwardness of the Muslim community. The spread of education among Muslim girls is highly encouraging. It should reduce gender inequality, which is a bane of Muslim society. Education should also curb Muslim fundamentalism. There should, however, be a uniform system of education. The Madrasa system can only aggravate differences between the Muslim and other communities. source: the shillong times

Private university

— With the first private university of the State set to come up under the aegis of Don Bosco Society, the higher education scenario of the region is poised for changes in the coming days. Until recently, higher education had been the domain of the Government even as private educational institutions were making rapid inroads into school education. Given that the government institutions have not been able to cater to an increasing demand for higher education, it was only a matter of time before the private sector made a foray into higher education. Don Bosco Society already has an engineering college functioning reasonably well. Assam and the North-East as a whole do not have enough institutions to meet the needs of higher education, and therefore, the initiative of Don Bosco Society deserves commendation. Apart from meeting the quantitative demand, greater flow of private investment into higher education would enhance its quality. Private universities would bring with them professionally relevant subjects with thrust on research initiatives, and modern academic infrastructure. The greater competition following the entry of private players would also induce our government-sponsored universities and colleges to adopt a more pro-active approach in addressing their drawbacks.

A major concern over private investment in higher education relates to cost-effectiveness. While Don Bosco Society is committing itself to an affordable fee structure, and without any capitation fee, the same cannot be said of other prospective entrants. The State Government, which recently introduced the Assam Private Universities Act-2007, would do well to have some semblance of control on these aspects so that no institution can function in an arbitrary manner. What also needs to be ensured is that private institutions devote some of their resources for the uplift of students from disadvantaged sections. As of now, the Act also denies private universities the authority to bring other colleges under its affiliation but there is bound to be interesting developments on this front in future. It is likely that colleges would insist on shifting their affiliation if a private university leaves behind an impeccable track record. Over the years Gauhati University has failed to show the kind of leadership expected of such an august institution in the field of educational reform. The Government, too, has not accorded the desired thrust in boosting higher education. While our government universities obviously face a challenge with the emergence of private universities, it is a positive development that augurs well for long-term prospects of higher education. source: assam tribune

Call to promote tech education for growth

Staff reporter
GUWAHATI, Oct 29 – Underscoring the need for promoting technical and professional education to boost industrial growth in the region, trade and industry circles have called for inclusion of higher technical/professional education in the North East Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy (NEIIPP)-2007. “The NEIIPP, in its present form, does not cover the broader spectrum of technical education, whereas technical/professional education and industry complement each other,” RS Joshi, chairman, Federation of Industry in North East Region (FINER) told The Assam Tribune.

Joshi said that for sustained industrial growth, apart from plant and machinery, trained manpower with honed technical/management skill was indispensable. The North-east, however, continues to lack precisely on this count, with very few technical institutions having state-of-the-art facilities and offering standard professional courses as compared to other parts of the country.

The situation is also resulting in a large number of students of the North-east moving outside the region to pursue professional courses, and ultimately getting absorbed in jobs outside the State. This has led to an acute shortage of trained manpower in the region to run industries professionally, Joshi said.

Joshi, who led a FINER delegation to New Delhi last week, made a representation before the Department of Industrial Policy and Planning (DIPP), highlighting the lacuna in the NEIIPP.

“We urged the DIPP to incorporate incentives under the NEIIPP for promoting technical education so that the needs of industry are best served,” he said.

Joshi said that reputed groups including Tata were also keen on investing in higher technical education in a big way. “If the NEIIPP is amended to recognize technical education as an industry for promoting it with incentives like capital investment subsidies, tax holiday, power subsidy, etc., we can hope for a turn-around in the situation,” he said.

Industry circles were of the view that considering the importance of technical/professional education in boosting industry and contributing to the overall economic growth, incentives and subsidies under the NEIIPP should be extended to the sector by incorporating technical/professional institutes under Clause No (XI) of the policy, which already includes vocational training institutes. source: assam tribune

Discontentment over recommendations of Chadha Committee

On October 3, 2008, the Pay Review Committee (PRC) of the University Grants Commission (UGC) headed by Prof G K Chadha submitted the long awaited report to Prof Sukhdeo Thorat, the Chairman of the UGC, recommending revision of existing pay scales and other benefits to about 4.92 lacs of teachers of 378 universities and 18064 colleges across the nation. Besides revision of pay scale of teachers the Committee suggested many other things relating to both qualitative and quantitative development of higher education, which has the perspective of socio-economic development of the nation as a whole.
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The Report
The report of the PRC has 6 chapters in 111 pages and annexures. At the outset, the PRC had the preoccupations on itself pertinent to higher education in India - heightened emphasis, quantitative expansion and qualitative improvement to be linked to socio-economic development of the nation as a whole. To achieve that, the strategies of the PRC were to – ‘attract more and more of bright and qualified young men and women to college and university jobs’, improve the service conditions of the stakeholders, increase the span of working career, and make ‘all concerned parties play their role in a self-persuasive and self-disciplining mode’. Besides that the PRC was also to find out ways and means to break the deadlock in respect to mobility of teachers at large, and eradicate/minimize the anomalies done in the implementation of earlier recommendations.
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Recommendations of pay scales, allowances and other benefits
Perceiving a general view of the ‘Terms of Reference’ which the PRC initially has, then collecting feedbacks from the stakeholders, and finally arriving at a decisive conclusion, the PRC offered the following recommendations in regards to pay scales of the teaching community – two tier pay scales viz 15,600-39,100 (Pay Band III) and 37,400-67,000 (PB IV) for the college and university teachers with different grade pays ranging from 6,600 to 12,000, 80,000 (fixed) for Vice Chancellors, average 70 % increase, the Committee claimed. The allowances and benefits to be extended to the teachers, and also the academic innovations incorporated in the PRC report are - proposition of new positions which enhances teaching hierarchy from current 4 tier to 7 tier, introduction of professorship in PG colleges, raising retirement age to 65, raising Central Government assistance to State Governments from existing 80% to 100% for first 5 years then 50% for next 5 years, introduction of Academic Allowance, Children’s Education Allowance, Transport Allowance, Special Compensatory Allowances, Deputation Allowance, LTC, stagnation removal, raising of college principal’s pay scale, increment on higher qualification, Research Promotion Grant for new entrant, FIP raised to 4 years, eligibility of full pension after 20 years of qualifying years, higher rate of family pension, additional quantum of pension to senior pensioners and family pensioners, upper limit of gratuity raised to 10 lacs, Ex-Gratia Lump Sum Compensation of Rs 10 lacs in case of death on duty, recommendation for removal of anomalies of earlier pay package etc. The Committee finally expects that the recommendation ‘be implemented by all universities and colleges in all states, fully as a package and not partially’ and ‘both in letter and spirit’.
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Logic of discontentment
As soon as the report reached the hands of UGC chairman Prof Thorat, and subsequently published in the UGC website, reactions of the teachers from across the country started coming up, particularly – Readers/ Associate Professors / Lecturers (Sl Gr) and associations like All India Federation of University and College Teachers’ Organization (AIFUCTO), Federation of Central University Teachers’ Association (FEDCUTA), Delhi University Teachers’ Association (DUTA) etc. Now arises the question on this resentment, despite of, what the Committee had ‘attracting and retaining talented persons in the teaching profession’ in its terms of reference. AIFUCTO, FEDCUTA, DUTA among others and individual Readers and Lecturers (SG) have raised various issues and expressed different interpretations. But common and united on the issue is against awarding Pay Band III viz 15600 – 39100 with Grade Pay 8000 to Readers/ Associate Professors/Assistant Professors (SG) which makes them at par Assistant Professors and Assistant Professors (Senior Scale) with minor difference of Rs 1,400/- and Rs 800/- respectively with the latter. The agitated teachers say it is a gross injustice to them. They cite example of recommendation of 6th Central Pay Commission (CPC) wherein the earlier pay scales ending with 18,300 with minimum 400 as yearly increment were placed in PB IV viz 37400 – 67000, whereas their pay scale viz 12000 – 420 – 18300 is being placed in PB III. Besides that the pay scale of the UG College Principals has been proposed to be fixed in the pay band of 37,400-67,000 whereas their earlier pay scale was same as Readers/ Associate Professors/ Assistant Professors (SG) viz 12,000 – 420 – 18,300.

The other issues that brought in agony of them are – introduction of 7 tier academic hierarchy in stead of current 4 tier which would bring politicizing of academic atmosphere, provide space for nepotism of the authority and dilute motivation of sincere and dedicated teachers; stringent criteria for awarding third promotion to the teachers ; the recommendations for Career Advancement Scheme (CAS) are not doing justice to the position of Senior Professor ; the claim of Chadha committee that it makes 70% increase of pay is totally superficial as far as the salary of Readers/ Associate Professors/ Assistant. Professors (SG) is concerned.

AIFUCTO has demanded, “third promotion should be available to all teachers in service as on January 1, 2006, without insisting on their acquiring additional qualification of PhD, on the basis of criteria applicable to promotions CAS for senior scale and selection grade.” DUTA has said, “major demands of teachers for higher pay scale to lecturers so as to attract talent to the university system have not been accepted.” FEDCUTA opposes the UGC appointed Chadha Committee recommendation on linking students evaluation and peer review with promotion of teachers. The Association went for two days strike on the October 22-23, and also appealed for a dharna in front of the Parliament on November 5, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) Teachers’ Association President, Kamal Mitra Chenoy said, “Chadha’s report would go down in history as the worst report for teachers.” Tabrez Alam Khan, president, JMITA said, “There is not a single point which would attract new talents into this profession.”
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Recent development
In view of the countrywide protest of individual teachers and teachers’ associations, the UGC, in its Review Meeting held on October 7-8, 2008, accepted the report with modification relating to pay scales of Reader/Assistant Professors (SG)/ Associate Professors and Senior Associate Professors, and the same has been forwarded to Ministry of Human Resource Department. According to sources (although not officially published by the UGC) the modifications that the UGC made are recommending PB IV viz 37,400 – 67,000 with GP 8,700 to Reader/Assistant Professors (SG)/ Associate Professors and increase of GP of the latter to 10,000 from 8,700. MHRD constituted an Apex Committee/Empowered Committee to review the report. There is also little cloud over the issue of impact of moral code of conduct for election on announcement, and as per the report of The Hindu on October 26 last and DD News on same day ‘the government may seek the EC’s advice before implementing the new pay structure’. ‘The government is keen on implementing the Chadha Committee report at the “earliest” with adequate modifications’, the report added. Making it a point Aravind Limbavali, Higher Education Minister of Karnataka has recently expressed the willingness of his Government to implement the recommendations while addressing a conference gathering in Bangalore. The College teachers of Assam are looking at their Government on how it will behave to get it implemented, not to forget 100% assistance from the Central Government is on the way.
Tridib Mahanta
Sibsagar College Campus
source: the sentinel assam

Don Bosco University to focus on uplift of underprivileged

Varsity to focus on uplift of underprivileged
Staff reporter
GUWAHATI, Oct 26 – Don Bosco University, Assam’s first private university and the first such venture of the Salesians of Don Bosco in India, will be formally inaugurated by Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi at Tepesia on October 31. “Providing quality education and making it accessible to the disadvantaged sections of the society are the twin objectives of the university. Empowering the society and contributing to the socio-economic progress of the North-east is our long-term goal,” Fr Stephen Mavely, Don Bosco University Project Coordinator, said at a press conference.

Fr Mavely said that a number of new courses would be available in the university, with thrust on professional subjects for ensuring employability of its products.

“Our goal is to mould young persons into intellectually competent, morally upright, socially committed and spiritually inspired citizens,” he said.

The initial study and research programmes will focus on three broad areas: technology sector, service sector and social sector. “The criteria for selection of these courses will be – focus on cutting-edge contemporary technology, employability of graduates, and the capacity to transform and empower society,” Fr Mavely said.

The university, which already has an engineering college under it with 240 students, will be set up using the infrastructure already available with the Don Bosco Society at Azara, Kharghuli and Maligaon, while additional facilities will be built at the permanent campus at Tepesia.

Fr Mavely said that the fee structure for the students would be quite affordable, and there would be no capitation fee. “In fact, the fee for our engineering college is less than that of any of the similar colleges in the region,” he said, adding that it had also tied up with some banks for facilitating easy study loans to needy students.

Fr Mavely said that the university would not have the authority to bring other institutions under its affiliation under the Assam Private Universities Act-2007, but “we will be having constituent study centres.”

Fr VM Thomas, director, Don Bosco Institute, said that the reason behind the launch of the university in Assam was the “tremendous demand” for such an institution and the backwardness of the North-east region.

He said that special initiatives of the university would include distance education programmes, socially-relevant outreach programmes, and programmes to ensure equity and access.

“Another highlight of the initiatives would be a fully-sponsored residential school within the university complex for 1,000 underprivileged, especially tribal, children,” Fr Thomas said.

Noted economist Dr Jayanta Madhab, who also addressed the press conference, lauded the initiative, saying that any move to spread education needed to be welcomed. “We hope the university, with its focus on professional courses, will boost the education scenario of the State,” he said. source: assam tribune

SC bars over-aged from holding student body posts

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NEW DELHI, Oct 24: The Supreme Court today sealed the fate of all those candidates above 28 years of age in the Jawaharlal Nehru University Students Union (JNUSU) elections and directed that the polls slated for November 3 should not be held if the over-aged candidates remain in the fray. A bench comprising Justices Arijit Pasayat and M K Sharma made it clear that no research scholar should be allowed to contest JNUSU elections in violation of the guidelines laid down by this court in terms of the recommendations of J M Lyngdoh committee.
The apex court, however, made it clear that JNUSU elections can be held as per schedule provided candidates above 28 years of age are kept out of the fray.

The court also issued show cause notices to the Vice-Chancellor Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) and JNU Registrar seeking an explanation how and under what circumstances the Supreme Court orders have been allowed to be flouted in JNUSU elections.

The Lyngdoh committee has fixed 28 years as upper age limit for research scholars to contest university students union elections.

Another important recommendation of the committee is going to spoil the party for those candidates who have been office-bearers of JNUSU earlier as such candidates are also debarred from contesting JNUSU elections irrespective of their age.
Almost all the political parties are opposed to the Supreme Court guidelines and about a dozen candidates are likely to face this disqualification and will not be allowed to contest the elections.

Main parties like National Students’ Union of India (NSUI), Students Federation of India (SFI) and All-India Students’ Association (AISA) have over aged presidential candidates.

The committee headed by former Chief Election Commissioner of India Mr Lyngdoh was appointed by the apex court to suggest ways of the purging the university campus of criminals and politicians. UNI

45 PhD positions at IMT Lucca, Italy

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45 PhD positions at IMT Lucca, Italy

Competitions for admission are open in the following PhD Programs at IMT:

Computer Science and Engineering

Theories developed within computer science have been, and still are, remarkably relevant not only for developing devices and tools which are commonly used in today society, but also for facing new theoretical problems of wide perspective.

In particular, the study of models, algorithms and verification methods of distributed systems with shared resources, with attention to the problems of security, concurrency, real time, "open endness", distributed decisions, etc. has fostered the development of the informatics of the new wide area networks. Students acquire extensive knowledge of the fundamentals and applications of architectures and languages for global and grid computing, web systems and services, in particular for business applications, embedded systems, web data mining, wired and wireless networks, and mobile systems. In addition to offering broad scope for basic
research, these domains define a professional area where all the needs of computer applications on wide are networks can find their fulfilment.

Economics, Markets, Institutions

The program aims at dealing with issues in political economy, applied public economics, the functioning of industries and markets, the impact of macroeconomics on productivity and growth. A distinctive feature of the PhD program is the strong integration of theoretical, technical and practical expertise, aimed to educate
highly qualified professionals, who analyze, plan, and manage concrete interventions of political economy.

Theoretical methodologies and models are tested through the methodical/systemat ic investigation of real world cases. At the end of the program, students are able to identify commonalities as well as distinctive characters of economies, markets, and industries.

Political Systems and Institutional Change

The PhD Program aims to make students familiar with analytical tools and methodologies of investigation elaborated within different contemporary traditions in social sciences, thereby providing the theoretical and practical knowledge necessary to both evaluate comparatively the performance of institutional systems, and elaborate proposals for structural reforms. The courses will especially focus on the historical, political, institutional and economic dynamics that have been characterising the development of European and ex Soviet countries after the Second Word War. They will then consider among other topics: the institutional and
decisional dynamics of European countries and the European Union including the trends towards multilevel governance both at the European and at the domestic level (federalisation, independent regulatory authorities, etc.); transatlantic relations EU-US; relations between politics, social processes and political economy decisions; paths of economic and political development; the institutional workings of international organisations; the characters of some geographical areas of special relevance.

Duration: 3 years

Language: Courses and seminars are held in English. Foreign PhD students are required to attend an Italian Language and Culture Course.

Classes begin in March 2009.

Deadline
The deadline for applications is December 5, 2008 at 6:00pm (Italian time).

Doctoral Programs

Please read the page from the link below very carefully
before filling out the application form

http://www.imtlucca.it/phd_programs/call_for_applications/index.php

IMT Gaziabad G Diploma in Management Admissions 2009

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Institute Of Management Technology IMT Gaziabad, Nagpur -PG Diploma in Management Admissions 2009

Institute of Management Technology Admissions 2009 Ghaziabad & Nagpur 2 year Full-Time Programmes Post-Graduate Diploma in

- Management

- Management (Finance)

- Management (Human Resource)

- Management (International Business)*

- Management (Information Technology)

*Ghaziabad only

Eligibility: Minimum three years Bachelor’s degree or equivalent degree with minimum 50% aggregate marks in any discipline. Candidates who are appearing for the final year degree examination can also apply.

Admission Procedure:

● Appear for the Common Admission Test (CAT) to be conducted by IIMs on November 16, 2008.

● Apply to IMT by filling in a separate application form for registration. Application form and Information Brochure can be obtained from IMT Ghaziabad/Nagpur or select branches of Axis Bank or IMS learning centres against a fee to be tendered in a DD/Cash payment of Rs. 1600/- (Rs. Sixteen Hundred only). For Online applications and details of branches of Axis Bank & IMS learning centres, visit IMT website: www.imt.edu

● For online application form for registration, a fee to be tendered in a Demand Draft of Rs. 1600/- (Sixteen Hundred Rupees Only) drawn in favour of Institute of Management Technology payable at Ghaziabad or Delhi.

● Final selection will be based on CAT scores and subsequent group discussion and personal interview to be held in Ghaziabad, Nagpur, Mumbai, Bangalore, Kolkatta, Hyderabad and Indore.

Please note that IMT uses CAT scores for short listing the candidates for its two-year full-time Post-Graduate Programmes in Management. IIMs have no role either in the selection process or in the conduct of the programme.

The most exciting thing about the future is that we don’t know what it holds for us. Some people believe what has to happen will happen; there is nothing they can do about it. Others see the future as an opportunity to make a mark in the world. If you are one of the latter kind, welcome to IMT.

At IMT, students don’t just become management graduates. They are transformed into business leaders who learn to mould the future. Join the business school of the 21st century with a vision of the 22nd and get ready to Lead the Future.

Key Features

● IMT Ghaziabad: Ranked amongst top 10 B-schools in India.

● IMT Nagpur: Ranked amongst top 20 private B-schools in India.

● IMT Dubai: First Indian Business School to get approval from Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research, Government of U.A.E.

● 28 years of academic excellence, quality research & strong industry interface.

● Nationally and Internationally acclaimed faculty.

● 100% Placements since inception.

● Strong alumni base.

● Academic collaboration with top universities in the world.

● State-of-the-art Library, Excellent IT Infrastructure and Wi-Fi Campuses.

● Lush green campuses.

Important Dates:

IMT application forms and information brochure available from: September 01, 2008 to December 01, 2008 (both days inclusive)

Last date for submission of completed IMT application form: December 01, 2008 (5 PM)

For further details contact:

Chairman – Joint Admission Committee

A-16, Site-3, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Meerut Road, Ghaziabad-201 003

Phone: +91-120-2705628, Fax: +91-120-2705626, Email: admissions@imt.edu

Nagpur (City Office):

603, Khuller Apartments, Byramji Town, Nagpur-440013, Telefax: +91-712-2593140,

Email: imtnagpur@imt.ac.in

Ghaziabad, Nagpur, Dubai, CDL, Hyderabad (Session Starting July 2010)

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ITM Executive Education Center, Chennai

No.10, Venkata Krishna Road, Mandaveli, CHENNAI - 660 028
Tel : +91 (044) 3297 4147 / 3297 4148 Fax : +91 (044) 2495 6453
email : chennai@itm.edu

ITM Institute of Financial Markets, Mumbai

BSEL Tech Park 704 B-Wing, 7th Floor
Opp. Vashi Railway Station Sector 30A,
Vashi, Navi Mumbai 400 705
Tel Nos.65134300 / 65135002 / Telefax No. 2781 4772
Email: anitalewis@itm.edu

ITM Business School, Hyderabad

2-1-569/109, Raja Pannalal Pitti Block B,
University Road Nallakunta, Hyderabad - 500 044
Tel: (040) 27608187 Fax: (040) 27676787
Email: hyderabad@itm.edu

ITM Global Leadership Center, Mumbai

Plot 25/26, Institutional Area, Sector -4 Kharghar East,
Navi Mumbai - 410 210
Tel: (022) 2774 4843/4 Fax: (022) 27740950
Email: eep@itm.edu

International Institute for Insurance and Finance

IIIF, Platinum Jubilee Building
PGRR CDE, Osmania University Campus, Hyderabad 500 003, A.P.
Phone: (040) 27091195 / 27091546/ 27091579
Email: iiif@itm.edu

The Institute for Technology and Management was founded with an academic association with The Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU), USA . The curriculum, academic standards and pedagogy of SNHU formed the basis of ITM's Masters Program. In the years since, the Institute has expanded its collaborations to include distinguished Universities across Europe and Asia , evolving academic programs of International repute.

The ITM Group of Business Schools has grown from one Business School in Mumbai, to 7 campuses by the year 2004. Starting with a 2 year fulltime Masters program in 1991, The ITM Group of Business Schools is currently conducting 15 programs, in a broad range of fields including Financial Markets, Retail, Pharmaceuticals, Healthcare, Risk Management, Human Resources etc.

The Institute's growth is not limited to new buildings and campuses. Several path breaking programs were launched across its various campuses. In 1999, ITM started specialized Masters programs in Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Management, IT Management, and Banking & Insurance at ITM Hyderabad.

GLC: The ITM University School for Business Leadership was established in 2002 and launched several specialized Masters programs in International Business, Human Resources and a one-of-a-kind Ph.D program in collaboration with the prestigious BITS Pilani.

The ITM Institute of Hotel Management & Catering Technology was launched in Navi Mumbai, also in 2002. 2004 saw the launch of the Masters in Financial Markets, Masters Retail Management & Marketing and Master of Actuarial Sciences programs at ITM Navi Mumbai.

The ITM Trust, which manages overall activities of the seven ITM campuses is a not-for-profit, public charitable trust, registered in Mumbai. The trust receives no financial aid from any entity and is entirely self-supporting.

Recently, ITM has been chartered as a Private State University under the auspices of the State of Chhatisgarh . The University status allows for a greater autonomy in the design and deployment of path breaking new programs, further strengthening ITM's reputation as a leader in specialized management education. ITM University 's campus in Raipur , C.G has been established as a Research and Development Center

MBA Admission 2009 at University Business School, Panjab University

To Two-Year Full Time Management Courses MBA, MBA (IB), MBA (HR) and MBA (Biotech) at University Business School, Panjab University, Chandigarh and MBA at University Business School, PURC, Ludhiana

Eligibility for MBA, MBA (IB), MBA (HR) at UBS, Chandigarh: A recognized Bachelor.s/Post-Graduate degree in any discipline with at least 50% marks in the aggregate or a pass in the final examination conducted by ICAI/ICWI/ICSI or AMIE with 50% marks (See UBS Handbook of Information 2009). Candidates appearing in final degree examination are eligible to apply and can take the test provisionally. Reservations as per approved norms of PU. Concession of 5% marks in the eligibility requirements of SC/ST candidates. The eligibility conditions for MBA at UBS, PURC, Ludhiana, are the same as for MBA at UBS, Panjab University, Chandigarh.

Eligibility for MBA (Biotech) at UBS, Chandigarh: A Bachelor.s or Master.s degree in Biological Sciences, i.e. Biology, Botany, Microbiology, Zoology, Biochemistry, Biophysics, Genetics, Pharmacy, Biotechnology, Veterinary Sciences, BE/B.Tech (Biotechnology), B.Sc. (Bio-Informatics), MBBS, BDS & BE (Informatics) of a University recognized by the Association of Indian Universities with atleast 50% marks (See UBS Handbook of Information, 2009). Candidates appearing in final degree examination are eligible to apply and can take provisionally. Reservations as per approved norms of Panjab University. Concession of 5% marks in the eligibility requirements of SC/ST candidates.

ADMISSION PROCEDURE: Take Common Admission Test (CAT) 2008 to be conducted by IIMs on November 16, 2008 (Sunday). NO SEPARATE Entrance Test will be conducted by UBS or Panjab University for the said programmes.

APPLY SEPARATELY TO UBS, CHANDIGARH: Application form and Handbook of Information 2009 wil be available at State Bank of India, Extension Counter, Panjab University, Chandigarh on payment of Rs. 1000/- (Rs. 200/- for SC/ST candidates) from October 15 to November 15, 2008. Forms can also be obtained by post upto October 31, 2008 from the Manager, Publication Bureau, Panjab University, Chandigarh by enclosing a crossed Bank Draft of Rs. 1075/- (Rs. 575/- for SC/ST candidates) in favour of Registrar, Panjab University, Chandigarh, payable at Chandigarh and a self-addressed envelope (30x25 cms). Application form can also be downloaded from our website (from the below mentioned links) and submitted along with a DD for Rs. 1000/- (Rs. 500 for SC/ST candidates_ in favour of Registrar, Panjab University, Chandigarh, payable at Chandigarh. COMPLETED FORMS FOR MBA, MBA(IB), MBA (HR), MBA (BIOTECH) at UBS, PU, Chandigarh and MBA at UBS, Panjab University Regional Centre, Ludhiana must reach Chairman, University Business School, Panjab University, Chandigarh . 160014, latest by 5:00 pm. On November 15, 2008.

Candidates short-listed on the basis of CAT scores shall have to appear for Group Discussion and Personal Interview. Details of selection process are available in UBS Handbook of Information 2009.

1. Sale of Application From at SBI Extension Counter at PU - October 15, 2008 to November 15, 2008.
2. Sale by Post - October 15, 2008 to October 31, 2008
3. Last date for submission of Forms at UBS, Chandigarh . November 15, 2008 by 5:00 p.m.

Important Note:
1. University uses CAT for short-listing of candidates for two year full-time MBA Programmes.
2. Panjab University does not take any responsibility for any postal delay in delivery by courier or by other means or loss in transit of application form.

Professor Dinesh K. Gupta
Chairman

DOWNLOAD

• UBS Handbook of Information 2009
• Instructions for Candidates
• Admission From UBS, Chandigarh 2009
• Admission From UBS, Ludhiana 2009

Administrative/ Academic Matters
Contact Person Anuradha Makhija
Contact Assistant Registrar
Tel : 0172-2534701, 2534702
Fax : 0172-2541591
E-Mail arubs@pu.ac.in
Website http://ubs.puchd.ac.in

University Business School (formerly, Department of Commerce and Business Management) has been imparting quality management education to develop dedicated, innovative and effective managers, researchers and teachers for four decades. The rechristening of the Department of Commerce and Business Management as University Business School in 1995 by the Panjab University, symbolizes the recognition of completeness and maturity of the Department as a center of management education in India. The transformation from a Department to a school has given it a distinct identity as a 'School of Thought'.The philosophy of the management education at the University Business School is built on an integrative value system.It is motivated by duty bound work ethics, human approach and
scientific temper.The philosophy of the school is translated into a mission of creating wholesome personality of human beings with a view to produce efficient and innovative managers, researchers and teachers. Modern attitude, practical wisdom, knowledge and skill relevant for management are deeply ingrained in the students.

The school uses rigorous multifaceted pedagogy with an effective interface with the industry to translate the mission into action. It creates opportunities for its student to enhance their understanding of economic, social and political environment to enlarge their ability not only to adjust to change but to become catalyst, and to develop their power to conceptualize, decide and communicate.

The faculty of the University Business School, trained in India and abroad, has earned international recognition in the industry and academia. The students produced by the school have made a mark in the world of business. The school has been recognized by the University Grants Commission under Special Assistance Programme for the following thrust areas:

(i) Supply Chain Management
(ii) Accounting and Business Finance-Social Responsibility and Human Resources Accounting, Investment Decision Making and Innovative Financing.

The University Grant Commission has also covered the University Business School under its prestigious ASIHHS Program.

University Business School has consistently been among the top business schools of India. It has achieved 100% placement during 2007-2008. Top companies of India participated in the placement process.

The faculty interacts with industry through consultancy assignments, management development programs, and industry focused research and case studies. A good number of top executives from the industry around Chandigarh take regular classes at the school, which helps in imparting pragmatic sense to the teaching learning process. In addition, management luminaries are invited for special lectures.

Practical experience in the actual work environment of the industry is the necessary component of the full time management programs. It is compulsory for every student to go for a summer training of eight weeks duration at the end of first year. The students relate their class room learning with the reality of management, and second year program becomes more goal oriented and meaningful. The students take Research Project based on some aspects of industry in the third and fourth semester of the educational Program.

The School is well equipped with the modern methods of teaching and teaching aids. The course work is demanding. The performance of the student is continuously evaluated through class participation, written assignments, class tests in addition to mid-semester and end-semester examinations.
UBS has a well-organised placement cell for full time students. Every year a placement brochure is prepared containing brief bio-data of the final year students, and sent to nearly all reputed organizations. Nearly all the students get placement through campus interviews.

Goa Institute of Management PGDM Admission 2009

• Ranked among the top Twenty B-Schools in the country (CSR 2007, Outlook 2007) and among the top Three B-Schools in Western India (Deccan Herald Awards 2008).

• Excellent placement record: Placement Report 2008

Year	Average salary	Minimum salary	Maximum salary
2008	Rs. 7.43 Lacs	Rs. 5.50 Lacs	Rs. 12.1 Lacs
2007	Rs. 6.41 Lacs	Rs. 4.00 Lacs	Rs. 9.00 Lacs
2006	Rs. 5.24 Lacs	Rs. 3.00 Lacs	Rs. 8.00 Lacs

ELIGIBILITY

Minimum 50% aggregate marks in a three-year Bachelor’s degree (or equivalent) recognised by the Association of Indian Universities/AICTE. Candidates who will complete all requirements for the degree by 15th June 2009 may also apply. If an applicant does not complete all the requirements of his degree by 15th June 2009, or does not obtain 50% aggregate marks in his degree, the offer of admission made to him will stand cancelled. The total number of seats is 120. The qualifying cutoff for each year is determined on the basis of the scores of the applicants to the Institute, in the entrance test in that year. For admission to the post graduate programme in business management 2008-2010, 90.01 was the qualifying percentile cutoff. For admission to the post graduate programme in business management 2009-2011,only those candidates who register for the XLRI Admissions Test (XAT) 2009 of Xavier Labour Relations Institute, Jamshedpur (XLRI) may apply for admission to GIM.

ADMISSION PROCEDURE

Candidates seeking admission to GIM are required to observe the following procedure:

• Applicants to GIM are required to take the XLRI Admissions Test (XAT), which will be held on 4th January 2009. Register for XAT at http://www.xlri.edu/
• Apply online on http://gim.sify.net/ Last date for application is 31st December 2008.
• Candidates who have applied for admission to GIM will be shortlisted on the basis of their XAT scores. The shortlisted candidates will be called for face to face evaluation process for final selection in February/March 2009. (Interview centres – Bangalore, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Panaji)
• The final selection will be made tentatively in April 2009 on the basis of XAT scores (50% weightage), the candidate’s past academic performance (10% weightage), performance in face to face evaluation process (30 % weightage) and work experience (10% weightage), if any.
• The academic session would begin in last week of June/first week of July 2009.

For further evaluation, the qualifying cut-off XAT score will be lowered by 15 points for candidates of Goan domicile/origin. Documentary evidence of domicile will have to be supplied along with the completed Application Form.

1.	Admission notice in National Dailies	September 2008
2.	Filling of online application forms	September 2008 to December 2008
3.	Last date for online registration	31st December 2008
4.	Last date to receive payment	3rd January 2009
5.	XAT (Xavier Labour Relation Institute Admissions Test) 2009 for PGDM	4th January 2009
6.	Face to Face evaluation process	February/March 2009
7.	Announcement of Final Admission results	April 2009
8.	Beginning of new academic session	Last week June/first week July 2009

Please note: Admission to the Goa Institute of Management is strictly on the basis of merit and no donation in any form is sought or accepted in connection with admission.

Goa Institute of Management (GIM) PGDM Admission 2009
MBA Entrance Exam :: GIM ::
» GIM Eligibility Details
» GIM Application Form
» XAT Preparation Question Bank CD
Goa Institute of Management (GIM) PGDM Admission 2009

Admission to Post Graduate Diploma in Management PGDM 2009 - 2011

GIM PGDM 2009 Eligibility:

Minimum 50% aggregate marks in a three-year Bachelor's degree (or equivalent) recognised by the Association of Indian Universities/AICTE. Candidates who will complete all requirements for the degree by 15th June 2009 may also apply.

If an applicant does not complete all the requirements of his degree by 15th June 2009, or does not obtain 50% aggregate marks in his degree, the offer of admission made to him will stand cancelled.

The total number of seats is 120. The qualifying cutoff for each year is determined on the basis of the scores of the applicants to the Institute, in the entrance test in that year.

For admission to the post graduate programme in business management 2008-2010, 90.01 was the qualifying percentile cutoff.

For admission to the post graduate programme in business management 2009-2011, only those candidates who register for the XLRI Admissions Test (XAT) 2009 of Xavier Labour Relations Institute, Jamshedpur (XLRI) may apply for admission to GIM.

GIM PGDM 2009 Selection Procedure: Applicants are required to take the XLRI Admissions Test (XAT), which will be held on January 4, 2009. Register for XAT at www.xlri.edu. Short-listed candidates will be called for further evaluation around February 2009.

GIM Interview centres: Bangalore, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Panaji.

GIM PGDM 2009 Admission Procedure:

Candidates seeking admission to GIM are required to observe the following procedure:

* Applicants to GIM are required to take the XLRI Admissions Test (XAT), which will be held on 4th January 2009. Register for XAT at http://www.xlri.edu/
* Apply online on http://www.gim.ac.in Last date for application is 31st

CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

A trail of developments mark the significant changes that took place over the years in shaping up the Board to its present status. U P Board of High School and Intermediate Education was the first Board set up in 1921. It has under its jurisdiction Rajputana, Central India and Gwalior. In response to the representation made by the Government of United Provinces, the then Government of India suggested to set up a joint Board in 1929 for all the areas which was named as the ‘ Board of High School and Intermediate Education, Rajputana. This included Ajmer, Merwara, Central India and Gwalior.

The Board witnessed rapid growth and expansion at the level of Secondary education resulting in improved quality and standard of education in institutions. But with the advent of State Universities and State Boards in various parts of the country the jurisdiction of the Board was confined only to Ajmer, Bhopal and Vindhya Pradesh later. As a result of this, in 1952 , the constitution of the Board was amended wherein its jurisdiction was extended to part-C and Part-D territories and the Board was given its present name ‘Central Board of Secondary Education’. It was in the year 1962 finally that the Board was reconstituted. The main objectives were those of : serving the educational institutions more effectively, to be responsive to the educational needs of those students whose parents were employed in the Central Government and had frequently transferable jobs.

Jurisdiction

The jurisdiction of the Board is extensive and stretches beyond the national geographical boundaries. As a result of the reconstitution, the erstwhile ‘ Delhi Board of Secondary Education’ was merged with the Central Board and thus all the educational institutions recognized by the Delhi Board also became a part of the Central Board . Subsequently, all the schools located in the Union Territory of Chandigarh. Andaman and Nicobar Island, Arunachal Pradesh, the state of Sikkim , and now Jharkhand, Uttaranchal and Chhattisgarh have also got affiliation with the Board. From 309 schools in 1962 the Board today has 8979 schools on 31-03-2007 including 141 schools in 21 countries. There are 897 Kendriya Vidyalayas, 1761 Government Schools, 5827 Independent Schools, 480 Jawahar Novodaya Vidyalayas and 14 Central Tibetean Schools.

Decentralisation

In order to execute its functions effectively Regional Offices have been set up by the Board in different parts of the country to be more responsive to the affiliated schools. The Board has regional offices in Allahabad , Ajmer, Chennai, Guwahati, Panchkula and Delhi. Schools located outside India are looked after by regional office Delhi. For detailed jurisdiction of regional offices of CBSE click here. The headquarter constantly monitors the activities of the Regional Offices. Although, sufficient powers have been vested with the Regional Offices. Issues involving policy matters are, however, referred to the head office. Matters pertaining to day-to-day administration, liaison with schools, pre and post examination arrangements are all dealt with by the respective regional offices.

Financial Structure

CBSE is a self-financing body which meets the recurring and non-recurring expenditure without any grant-in-aid either from the Central Govt. or from any other source. All the financial requirements of the Board are met from the annual examination charges, affiliation fee, admission fee for PMT. All India Engineering Entrance Examination and sale of Board’s publications.

Major Activities and Objectives

The Central Board of Secondary Education was set up to achieve certain interlinked objectives:

Ø To prescribe conditions of examinations and conduct public examination at the end of Class X and XII . To grant qualifying certificates to successful candidates of the affiliated schools.

Ø To fulfill the educational requirements of those students whose parents were employed in transferable jobs.

Ø To prescribe and update the course of instructions of examinations

Ø To affiliate institutions for the purpose of examination and raise the academic standards of the country.

The prime focus of the Board is on

Ø Innovations in teaching-learning methodologies by devising students friendly and students centered paradigms.

Ø Reforms in examinations and evaluation practices.

Ø Skill learning by adding job-oriented and job-linked inputs.

Ø Regularly updating the pedagogical skills of the teachers and administrators by conducting in service training programmes, workshops etc.

Syllabus For AIPMT - 2009 Examination

Syllabus For AIPMT - 2009 Examination

Biology

Chemistry

Physics

BIOLOGY (BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY)

Unit 1 : Diversity in Living World
Biology – its meaning and relevance to mankind
What is living; Taxonomic categories and aids (Botanical gardens, herbaria, museums, zoological parks); Systematics and Binomial system of nomenclature.
Introductory classification of living organisms (Two-kingdom system, Five-kingdom system); Major groups of each kingdom alongwith their salient features (Monera, including Archaebacteria and Cyanobacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia); Viruses; Lichens
Plant kingdom – Salient features of major groups (Algae to Angiosperms);
Animal kingdom – Salient features of Nonchordates up to phylum, and Chordates up to class level.

Unit 2 : Cell : The Unit of Life ; Structure and Function
Cell wall; Cell membrane; Endomembrane system (ER, Golgi apparatus/Dictyosome, Lysosomes, Vacuoles); Mitochondria; Plastids; Ribosomes; Cytoskeleton; Cilia and Flagella; Centrosome and Centriole; Nucleus; Microbodies.
Structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic, and between plant and animal cells.
Cell cycle (various phases); Mitosis; Meiosis.
Biomolecules – Structure and function of Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic acids.
Enzymes – Chemical nature, types, properties and mechanism of action.

Unit 3 : Genetics and Evolution
Mendelian inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Gene interaction; Incomplete dominance; Co-dominance; Complementary genes; Multiple alleles;
Linkage and Crossing over; Inheritance patterns of hemophilia and blood groups in humans.
DNA –its organization and replication; Transcription and Translation; Gene expression and regulation; DNA fingerprinting.
Theories and evidences of evolution, including modern Darwinism.


Unit 4 : Structure and Function – Plants
Morphology of a flowering plant; Tissues and tissue systems in plants;
Anatomy and function of root, stem(including modifications), leaf, inflorescence, flower (including position and arrangement of different whorls, placentation), fruit and seed; Types of fruit; Secondary growth;
Absorption and movement of water (including diffusion, osmosis and water relations of cell) and of nutrients; Translocation of food; Transpiration and gaseous exchange; Mechanism of stomatal movement.
Mineral nutrition – Macro- and micro-nutrients in plants including deficiency disorders; Biological nitrogen fixation mechanism.
Photosynthesis – Light reaction, cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; Various pathways of carbon dioxide fixation; Photorespiration; Limiting factors .
Respiration – Anaerobic, Fermentation, Aerobic; Glycolysis, TCA cycle; Electron transport system; Energy relations.

Unit : 5 Structure and Function - Animals
Tissues;
Elementary knowledge of morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems of earthworm, cockroach and frog.
Human Physiology – Digestive system - organs, digestion and absorption; Respiratory system – organs, breathing and exchange and transport of gases. Body fluids and circulation – Blood, lymph, double circulation, regulation of cardiac activity; Hypertension, Coronary artery diseases.
Excretion system – Urine formation, regulation of kidney function
Locomotion and movement – Skeletal system, joints, muscles, types of movement.
Control and co-ordination – Central and peripheral nervous systems, structure and function of neuron, reflex action and sensory reception; Role of various types of endocrine glands; Mechanism of hormone action.


Unit : 6 Reproduction, Growth and Movement in Plants
Asexual methods of reproduction; Sexual Reproduction - Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination (Types and agents); Fertilization; Development of embryo, endosperm, seed and fruit (including parthenocarpy and apomixis).
Growth and Movement – Growth phases; Types of growth regulators and their role in seed dormancy, germination and movement; Apical dominance; Senescence; Abscission; Photo- periodism; Vernalisation; Various types of movements.

Unit 7 : Reproduction and Development in Humans
Male and female reproductive systems; Menstrual cycle; Gamete production; Fertilisation; Implantation; Embryo development; Pregnancy and parturition; Birth control and contraception.

Unit 8 : Ecology and Environment
Meaning of ecology, environment, habitat and niche.
Ecological levels of organization (organism to biosphere); Characteristics of Species, Population, Biotic Community and Ecosystem; Succession and Climax.
Ecosystem – Biotic and abiotic components; Ecological pyramids; Food chain and Food web; Energy flow; Major types of ecosystems including agroecosystem.
Ecological adaptations – Structural and physiological features in plants and animals of aquatic and desert habitats.
Biodiversity – Meaning, types and conservation strategies (Biosphere reserves, National parks and Sanctuaries)
Environmental Issues – Air and Water Pollution (sources and major pollutants); Global warming and Climate change; Ozone depletion; Noise pollution; Radioactive pollution; Methods of pollution control (including an idea of bioremediation); Deforestation; Extinction of species (Hot Spots).

Unit 9 : Biology and Human Welfare
Animal husbandry – Livestock, Poultry, Fisheries; Major animal diseases and their control. Pathogens of major communicable diseases of humans caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoans and helminths, and their control.
Cancer; AIDS.
Adolescence and drug/alcohol abuse;
Basic concepts of immunology.
Plant Breeding and Tissue Culture in crop improvement.
Biofertilisers (green manure, symbiotic and free-living nitrogen-fixing microbes, mycorrhizae);
Biopesticides (micro-organisms as biocontrol agents for pests and pathogens); Bioherbicides;
Microorganisms as pathogens of plant diseases with special reference to rust and smut of wheat, bacterial leaf blight of rice, late blight of potato, bean mosaic, and root - knot of vegetables.
Bioenergy – Hydrocarbon - rich plants as substitute of fossil fuels.

Unit 10 : Biotechnology and its Applications
Microbes as ideal system for biotechnology;
Microbial technology in food processing, industrial production (alcohol, acids, enzymes, antibiotics), sewage treatment and energy generation.
Steps in recombinant DNA technology – restriction enzymes, DNA insertion by vectors and other methods, regeneration of recombinants.
Applications of R-DNA technology. In human health –Production of Insulin, Vaccines and Growth hormones, Organ transplant, Gene therapy. In Industry – Production of expensive enzymes, strain improvement to scale up bioprocesses. In Agriculture – GM crops by transfer of genes for nitrogen fixation, herbicide-resistance and pest-resistance including Bt crops.



CHEMISTRY
1. Some basic concepts in Chemistry
Importance of Chemistry, physical quantities and their measurement in Chemistry, SI Units, uncertainty in measurements and use of significant figures, Unit and dimensional analysis, Matter and its nature, laws of chemical combinations, atomic, and molecular, masses mole concept, molar masses, percentage composition and molecular formula, chemical stoichiometry.

2. States of matter
Three states of matter, gaseous state, gas laws (Boyle's Law and Charles Law), Avogadro's Law, Grahams'Law of diffusion, Dalton's law of partial pressure, ideal gas equation, Kinetic theory of gases, real gases and deviation from ideal behaviour, van der Waals’ equation, liquefaction of gases and critical points, Intermolecular forces; liquids and solids.

3. Atomic structure
Earlier atomic models (Thomson's and Rutherford) , emission spectrum of hydrogen atom, Bohr's model, of hydrogen atom, Limitations of Bohr’s model, dual nature of matter and radiation, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, quantum mechanical model of atom (quantum designation of atomic orbitals and electron energy in terms of principal, angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers), electronic spin and spin quantum numbers, Pauli’s exclusion principle, general idea of screening (constants) of outer electrons by inner electrons in an atom, Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, atomic orbitals and their pictorial representation, electronic configurations of elements.

4. Classification of elements and periodicity in properties
Need and genesis of classification of elements (from Doebereiner to Mendeleev), Modern periodic law and present form of periodic table, Nomenclature of elements with atomic number > 100, electronic configurations of elements and periodic table, electronic configuration and types of elements and s, p, d and f blocks, periodic trends in properties of elements (atomic size, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence/ oxidation states and chemical reactivity).

5. Chemical energetics
Some basic concepts in thermodynamics, first law of thermodynamics, heat capacity, measurement of Uand H, calorimetry, standard enthalpy changes, thermochemical equations, enthalpy changes during phase transformations, Hess's Law, standard enthalpies of formation, bond enthalpies and calculations based on them.

6. Chemical bonding
Kossel -Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, ionic bonds, covalent bonds, polarity of bonds and concept of electronegativity, valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory , shapes of simple molecules, valence bond theory, hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of molecules  and  bonds; Molecular orbital theory involving homounclear diatomic molecules; Hydrogen-bonding.

7. Equilibrium
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic equilibrium, law of chemical equilibrium and equilibrium constant, homogeneous equilibrium, heterogenous equilibrium, application of equilibrium constants, Relationship between reaction quotient Q, equilibrium constant, K and Gibbs’ energy G; factors affecting equilibrium-Le Chateliar's principle.
Ionic equilibrium
Acids, Bases and Salts and their ionization, weak and strong electrolytes degree of ionization and ionization constants, concept of pH, ionic product of water, buffer solution, common ion effect, solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products.

8. Redox reactions
Electronic concepts of reduction - oxidation, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions.

9. Solid state Chemistry
Classification of solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids; unit cells in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of a unit cell, packing in solids, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties.

10. Chemical thermodynamics
Spontaneous processes, energy and spontaneity , entropy and second law of thermodynamics, concept of absolute entropy, Gibbs energy and spontaneity, Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant.

11. Solutions
Types of solutions, different units for expressing concentration of solution, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), definitions of dilute solutions, vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult's Law, Colligative properties, lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling points and osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal values of molecular masses, van’t Hoff factor. simple numerical problems.

12. Chemical kinetics
Rate of chemical reactions, factors, affecting rates of reactions –concentration, temperature and catalyst, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law and rate constant, differential and integral forms of first order reaction, half-life (only zero and first order) characteristics of first order reaction, effect of temperature on reactions, Arrhenius theory - activation energy, collision theory of reaction rate (no derivation).

13. Electrochemistry
Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variation of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea), electrolytic and galvanic cells, emf. of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation, concentration cell, fuel cells, cell potential and Gibbs energy, dry cell and lead accumulator.

14. Surface chemistry
Adsorption - physisorption and chemisorption, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids, catalysis, homogeneous and heterogeneous activity and selectivity, enzyme catalysis, colloidal state, distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions; lyophillic, lyophobic, multimolecular and macromolecular colloids, properties of colloids, Tyndal effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation, emulsions - type of emulsions.

15. Hydrogen
Position of hydrogen in periodic table, isotopes of hydrogen, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide-preparation, reactions and structures; hydrides and their classification.

16. s-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth metals):
Group 1 and Group 2 elements
Electronic configurations and general trends in physical and chemical properties, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship.
Preparation and properties of some important compounds, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate and industrial uses of lime and limestone, biological significance of Na, K, Mg and Ca.

17. General principles and processes of isolation of elements
Principles and methods of extraction - concentration, reduction, (chemical and electrolytic methods), and refining.
Occurrence and principles of extraction of Al, Cu, Zn and Fe.

1 8. p-Block Elements
Introduction to p-block elements
Electronic configurations and general trends in properties, viz. atomic sizes, ionization enthalpies, electronegativity values, electron gain enthalpies and oxidation states across the periods and down the groups in the p-block.
Unique behaviour of the top element in each group of the block - the covalency limit and the p - p overlap in some molecules (e.g. N2, O2) and its consequences; general trend in catenation tendency down each group.
Group-wise study of the p-block Elements
Group 13 - In addition to the general characteristics as outlined above, properties and uses of aluminium, nature of hydrides/ halides and oxides; Properties, structures and uses of diborane boron halides, aluminium chloride, borax, boric acid and alums.
Group 14 - In addition to the general characteristics; carbon – catenation, allotropic forms (diamond and graphite), properties and structures of oxides; silicon - silicon tetrachloride, and structures and uses of silicates, silicones and zeolites.
Group 15 - In addition to the general characteristics, the general trends in the nature and structures of hydrides, halides and oxides of these elements. Preparation and properties of ammonia, nitric acid, phosphine and halides of phosphorus, structures of the oxoacids of phosphorus.
Group 16 - In addition to the general characteristics, preparations, properties and uses of dioxygen, simple oxides, ozone; sulphur - allotropic forms, compounds of sulphur, preparation, properties and uses of sulphur dioxide and sulphuric acid, industrial preparations of sulphuric acid, structures of oxoacids of sulphur.
Group 17 - In addition to the general characteristics, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, oxides and oxoacids of halogens (structures only), preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides. Interhalogen compounds (structures only).
Group 18 - General introduction, electronic configurations, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties and uses, - fluorides and oxides of xenon (structures only).


19. The d-and f-Block elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals –physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic property, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; preparations and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction.
Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states.


20. Coordination compounds
Introduction to ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties, and shapes; IUPAC - nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, isomerism , bonding-valence bond approach to the bonding and basic ideas of Crystal Field Theory, colour and magnetic properties. Elementary ideas of metal - carbon bonds and organometallic compounds, importance of co-ordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological systems).


21. Some basic principles of Organic Chemistry
- Tetravalence of carbon, hybridization ( s and p ), shapes of simple molecules, functional groups:-C=C-, -C C- and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur; homologous series, isomerism.
- General introduction to naming organic compounds-trivial names and IUPAC nomenclature.
- Electronic displacement in a covalent bond; inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyperconjugation. Fission of covalent bond: free radicals, electrophiles and nucleophiles, carbocations and carbonanions.
- Common types of organic reactions: substitution, addition, elimination and rearrangement reactions.


22. Hydrocarbons
Alkanes and cycloalkanes : classification of hydrocarbons, alkanes and cycloalkanes, nomenclature and conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes.
Alkenes and alkynes : Nomenclature and isomerism, general methods of preparation, properties (physical and chemical), mechanism of electrophilic addition, Markownikoff’s rule, peroxide effect, acidic character of alkynes, polymerisation reactions.
Aromatic hydrocarbons: Benzene and its homologues, nomenclature, sources of aromatic hydrocarbons (coal and petroleum), structure of benzene, chemical reaction of benzene-mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Directive influence of substituents and their effect on reactivity.
Petroleum and petrochemicals : Composition of crude oil fractionation and uses, quality of gasoline, LPG, CNG, cracking and reforming, petrochemicals.


23. Purification and characterization of carbon compounds
- Purification of carbon compounds : filtration, crystallisation, sublimation, distillation chromatography,
- Qualitative analysis : detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens.
- Quantitative analysis : estimation of different elements (H, N, halogens, S and P)
- Determination of molecular masses : Silver salt method, chloroplatinate salt method, calculations of empirical and molecular formulas.


24. Organic compounds with functional groups containing halogens (X)
- Nature of C-X bond in haloalkanes and haloarenes, nomenclature, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions, reactivity of C-X bond in haloalkanes and haloarenes.
- Some commercially important compounds : dichloro, trichloro and tetrachloromethanes; p-dichlorobenzene, freons, BHC, DDT, their uses and important reactions.


25. Organic compounds with functional groups containing oxygen
Alcohols and phenols : Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; chemical reactivity of phenols in electrophilic substitutions, acidic nature of phenol, ethers: electronic structure, structure of functional group, nomenclature, important methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, some commercially important compounds.
Aldehydes and ketones : Electronic structure of carbonyl group, nomenclature, important methods of preparation, physical properties and chemical reactions, relative reactivity of aldehydic and ketonic groups, acidity of -hydrogen, aldol condensation. Connizzarro reaction, nucleophilic addition reaction to >C=O groups.
Carboxylic acids : Electronic structure of-COOH, Nomenclature, important methods of preparation, physical properties and effect of substituents on -carbon on acid strength, chemical reactions.
Derivatives of carboxylic acids : Electronic structure of acid chloride, acid anhydride, ester and amide groups, nomenclature, important methods of preparation, comparative reactivity of acid derivatives. Some commercially important compounds.


26. Organic Compounds with functional group containing nitrogen
- Structure, nomenclature of nitro, amino, cyano and diazo compounds.
- Nitro compounds – important methods of preparation, physical properties and chemical reactions.
- Amines : primary, secondary and tertiary amines, a general awareness, important methods of preparation, physical properties, basic character of amines, chemical reactions.
- Cyanides and isocyanides : preparation, physical properties and chemical reactions.
- Diazonium salts : Preparation, chemical reaction and uses of benzene diazonium chloride. Some commercially important nitrogen containg carbon compounds, (aniline, TNT)


27. Polymers
Classification of polymers, general methods of polymerization-addition and condensation: addition-free radical, cationic, anionic polymerization, copolymerisation, natural rubber, vulcanization of rubber, synthetic rubbers, condensation polymers, idea of macromolecules, biodegradable polymers.
Some commercially important polymers (PVC, teflon, polystyrene, nylon-6 and 66, terylene and bakelite).


28. Environmental Chemistry
Environmental pollution – air, water and soil pollutions, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants, acid-rain, ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer, green house effect and global warming – pollution due to industrial wastes, green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategy for controlling environmental pollution.


29. Biomolecules
Carbohydrates : Classification, aldose and ketose, monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); important simple chemical reactions of glucose, elementary idea of structure of pentose and hexose.
Proteins : Elementary idea of -amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins; primary, secondary and tertiary structure of proteins and quaternary structure (gualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes.
Vitamins : Classification and functions
Nucleic acids : Chemical composition of DNA and RNA
Lipids : Classification and structure
Hormones : Classification and functions in biosystem.


30. Chemistry in everyday life
- Chemicals in medicines – analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antacids, antihistamins.
- Chemicals in food – preservativess, artificial sweetening agents.
- Cleansing agents – soaps and detergents, cleansing action.
- Rocket propellants : characteristics and chemicals used.

physics

Unit : 1 Introduction and Measurement

What is Physics? Scope and excitement; Physics in relation to science, society and technology; Need for measurement of physical quantities, units for measurement, systems of units-SI : fundamental and derived units. Dimensions of physical quantities. Dimensional analysis and its applications. Orders of magnitude, Accuracy and errors in measurement – random and instrumental errors, Significant figures and rounding off the numbers.

Graphs, Trigonometric functions, Concepts of differentiation and integration.

Unit : 2 Description of Motion in One Dimension

Objects in motion in one dimension, Motion in straight line, Uniform and non-uniform motion, its graphical representation and formulae, speed and velocity, relative velocity, average speed and instantaneous velocity. Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time graph, position-time graph and their formulae. Relations for uniformly accelerated motion with examples. Acceleration in one-dimensional motion.

Unit : 3 Description of Motion in Two and Three Dimensions

Vectors and scalars quantities, vectors in two and three dimensions, vector addition and multiplication by a real number, null-vector and its properties. Resolution of a vector in a plane, rectangular components. Scalar and vector products. Motion in two dimensions, cases of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration-projectile motion, general relation among position-velocity-acceleration for motion in a plane and uniform circular motion. Motion of objects in three dimensional space (elementary ideas).

Unit : 4 Laws of Motion

Force and inertia, first law of motion. Momentum, second law of motion, impulse, examples of different kinds of forces in nature. Third law of motion, conservation of momentum, rocket propulsion. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and kinetic frictions, laws of friction, rolling friction, lubrication, Inertial and non-inertial frames (elementary ideas).

Unit : 5 Work, Energy and Power

Work done by a constant force and by a variable force, unit of work, energy and power. Work Energy Theorem. Elastic and in-elastic collisions in one and two dimensions. Notions of potential energy, conservation of mechanical energy : gravitational potential energy, and its conversion to kinetic energy, potential energy of a spring. Conservative forces. Different forms of energy, mass-energy equivalence, conservation of energy.

Unit : 6 Rotational Motion

Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conservation and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of rigid body, general motion of a rigid body, nature of rotational motion, rotational motion of a single particle in two dimensions only, torque, angular momentum and its geometrical and physical meaning, conservation of angular momentum, examples of circular motion (car on a level circular road, car on banked road, pendulum swinging in a vertical plane). Moment of inertia, its physical significance, moment inertia of uniform bodies with simple geometrical shapes, parallel axis and perpendicular axis theorem (statements only), Comparison between translatory (linear) and rotational motion.

Unit : 7 Gravitation

Acceleration due to gravity, one and two dimensional motion under gravity. Universal law of gravitation, inertial and gravitational mass, variations in the acceleration due to gravity of the earth, statement of Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, orbital velocity, geostationary satellites, gravitational potential, gravitational potential energy near the surface of earth, escape velocity, weightlessness.

Unit : 8 Heat and Thermodynamics

Thermal equilibrium and temperature ( zeroth law of thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. Specific heat, specific heat at constant volume and constant pressure of ideal gas and relation between them. First law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic state, equation of state and isothermals, pressure-temperature phase diagram. Thermodynamic processes (reversible, irreversible, isothermal, adiabatic). Carnot cycle, second law of thermodynamics, efficiency of heat engines. Entropy. Transfer of heat : conduction, convection and radiation. Newton’s law of cooling.

Thermal conductivity. Black body radiation, Wien’s law, Solar constant and surface temperature of the sun, Stefan’s law,

Unit : 9 Oscillations

Periodic and oscillatory motions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation of motion. Oscillations due to a spring, kinetic energy and potential energy in S.H.M., Simple pendulum, physical concepts of forced oscillations, resonance and damped oscillations; Simple examples.

Unit : 10 Waves

Longitudinal and transverse waves and wave motion, speed of progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves; reflection of waves, harmonic waves (qualitative treatment only), standing waves. Normal modes and its graphical representation. Beats, Doppler effect.

Unit : 11 Electrostatics

Frictional electricity, charges and their conservation, unit of charge, Coulomb’s law, dielectric constant, electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric potential – its physical meaning, potential due to a di-pole, di-pole field and behaviour of dipole in a uniform (2-dimensional) electric field. Flux, Statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find electric field due to uniformly charged simple systems. Conductors and insulators, presence of free charges and bound charges inside a conductor, Capacitance (parallel plate), Dielectric material and its effect on capacitance (concept only), capacitances in series and parallel, energy of a capacitor. Van de Graff generator.

Unit : 12 Current Electricity

Introduction (flow of current), sources of e.m.f., cells : simple, secondary, chargeable, combinations of cells in series and parallel. Electric current, resistance of different materials, temperature dependence, thermistor, specific resistivity, colour code for carbon resistors. Ohm’s law and its limitation. Superconductors (elementary ideas). Kirchoff’s laws, resistances in series and parallel, Wheatstone’s bridge, measurement of resistance. Potentiometer – measurement of e.m.f. and internal resistance of a cell.

Unit : 13 Thermal and Chemical Effects of Currents

Electric power, heating effects of current and Joule’s law. Thermoelectricity: Seebeck effect, measurement of temperature using thermocouple. Chemical effects and Faraday’s laws of electrolysis.

Unit : 14 Magnetic Effect of Currents

Oersted’s observation, Biot-Savart’s law (magnetic field due to an element of current), magnetic field due to a straight wire, circular loop and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in a uniform magnetic field (Lorentz force), cyclotron (simple idea), forces and torques on currents in a magnetic field, forces between two currents, definition of ampere, moving coil galvanometer, ammeter and voltmeter. Conversion of galvanometer into voltmeter/ammeter.

Unit : 15 Magnetism

Bar magnet (comparison with a solenoid), magnetic lines of force, torque on a bar magnet in a magnetic field, earth’s magnetic field as a bar magnet, tangent galvanometer, vibration magnetometer. Para, dia and ferromagnetic substances with examples (simple idea). Electromagnets and permanent magnets.

Unit : 16 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction, Lenz’s Law, induced emf, self and mutual inductance. Alternating current, and voltage, impedance and reactance; A.C. circuits containing inductance, capacitance and resistance; phase relationships, and power in a.c. circuits, L.C oscillations. Electrical machines and devices (transformer, induction coil, generator, simple motors, choke and starter), eddy current.

Unit : 17 Electromagnetic Waves (Qualitative Treatment)

Electromagnetic oscillations, brief history of electromagnetic waves (Maxwell, Hertz, Bose, Marconi). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio, micro-waves, infra-red, optical, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses, propagation of electromagnetic waves in atmosphere.

Unit : 18 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Ray optics as a limiting case of wave optics. Phenomena of reflection, refraction, and total internal reflection. Optical fibre. Curved mirrors, lenses; mirror and lens formulae. Dispersion by a prism. Spectrometer. Absorption and emission spectra. Scattering and formation of rainbow. Telescope (astronomical), microscope, their magnifications and resolving powers.

Unit : 19 Electrons and Photons

Discovery of electron, e/m for an electron, electrical conduction in gases, photoelectric effect, particle nature of light, Einstein’s photoelectric equation, photocells. Matter waves – wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation, Davison and Germer experiment.

Unit : 20 Atoms, Molecules and Nuclei

Rutherford model of the atom, Bohr model, energy quantization. Hydrogen spectrum. Composition of nucleus, atomic masses, binding energy per nucleon of a nucleus, its variation with mass number, isotopes, size of nucleus. Radioactivity : properties of α, β and γ rays. Mass energy relation, nuclear fission and fusion.

Unit : 21 Solids and Semiconductor Devices

Crystal structure-Unit cell; single, poly and liquid crystals (concepts only). Energy bands in solids, difference between conductors, insulators and semi-conductors using band theory. Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction, semiconductor diodes, junction transistor, diode as rectifier, solar cell, photo diode, LED, Zener diode as a voltage regulator, transistor as an amplifier and oscillator. Combination of gates. Elementary ideas about IC.